Project Management for Information Technology Assignment

Project Management for Information Technology - Assignment Example The applications as well as the limitations of these two models in the aspect of information technology project management are also considered. The examples of information technology projects are taken from two companies, namely Google Inc. and Microsoft Corporation and the role of culture in the success or failure of these projects are discussed and analysed. It is identified that both Google Inc. and Microsoft Corporation are extremely mature companies in terms of project management as well as in the use of information technology systems. The analysis of the examples of information technology projects in these two organizations establish that culture plays an important role in the management of different types of information technology projects. The analysis also indicates that a supportive culture is necessary for the short term as well as the long term success of these kinds of projects. The examples show that the complexity associated with the information technology projects can be managed to a high degree through the development of an appropriate culture within the organization and among its members. The report is concluded by summarizing the overall findings from the analysis of the theories and examples. Organizational culture has emerged as an important perspective in the modern business world. The role of organizational culture has been highlighted in the recent years due to many organizations experiencing issues and fallouts due to discrepancies in their project management and their respective cultures. On the other hand, a majority of the successful companies across the world are identified to have focused extensively on integrating culture in their organizational functions and capabilities. Corporate culture is also an important influencing factor in the way in which information technology projects are managed in a company. It has been identified that when an information technology project fails,

Final Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Final - Assignment Example tury liberal rights custom, in the feeling of being outlined fundamentally to ensure natives from state activity which encroaches upon singular freedom and self-governance. The assert that the right to " life, freedom and security of the individual" under area 7 assurances the right to deny unwanted health awareness medication is predictable with this origination of the Charter.2 Since its establishment, inquiries have likewise been raised regarding whether the Charter not just keeps the state from meddling with unique flexibilities, yet obliges governments to take positive measures to guarantee that Canadians can to be sure delight in the full profit of essential human rights. From this point of view, the issue whether the Charter assurances access to human services benefits as a component of the right to life, freedom and security of the individual under area 7, or of the right to equivalent insurance and equivalent profit of the law under segment 15(1) of the Charter, is a matter of much more amazing investment (Jacob, 2007). The medicinal calling has as far back as anyone can remember subscribed to a collection of moral explanations created principally for the profit of the patient. As a part of this calling, a doctor must distinguish obligation to patients as a matter of first importance, and to social order, to other wellbeing experts, and to self. The accompanying Principles embraced by the American Medical Association are not laws, however measures of behavior which characterize the essentials of fair conduct for the whole association and its administration. A regular skeleton utilized as a part of the examination of therapeutic morals is the "four standards" methodology hypothesized by Tom Beauchamp and James Childress in their reading material Principles of biomedical morals. It distinguishes four fundamental good standards, which are to be judged and weighed against one another, with consideration provided for the extent of their requisition. The four

Examining The Structure Of Bollywood Focus Media Essay

Examining The Structure Of Bollywood Focus Media Essay In the literature review the topic of Bollywood Focus is a structure the clear idea for answering research question analysis In this project. That what the Bollywood focus the subjectivity? What speciality in it ?. Further each and every topic demonstrates how the Bollywood exposes and fit into research questions and how socially the movie RDB constructed with critical implementation of spectatorships. The literature review of this project will describe the production of Bollywood and it composes the story and subject ethical values. The project is interestingly makes analysis of Bollywood from past to present contemporary world. Further the research analysis of each topic is research from the reference of books, web articles, movies. This project motivation is First to shows and interesting study of Bollywood industry. how it specially dominates and maintaining it value in global level. Like to describe Bollywood reputation and interesting facts of Indian culture, traditions. Of cou rse my special interest in cinema studies especially Bollywood movies how it reach in global level by its construction. And to focus the Bollywood subjectivity into social and political contexts in it. The topic of Narrative analysis and discussion of Bollywood in melodrama, how the story constructs and conveys the subjectivity and ideology of Hindi movies captivating in past to present with movies by example of social family values, the style. And in second topic of Bollywood focus the differentiation realistic and commercials movies, it describes the how Bollywood in narrating the story of in mode of realistic and commercials masala style. What i film personalities and audience view in the commercials and realistic movies in Bollywood. Which is important method to take Bollywood in global methodology? Which is essential and most fascinating among audiences and best method realistic is or commercial (masala) movies? This reaches to global level audiences and further the topic structures into focus and motivates ideas for research question and answers to find the what the ethics of Bollywood reputatio n among global audiences are. next topic will about Bollywood reputation among global audiences how the Bollywood raise its ethics? How the globalisation slowly impacts the trend and analysis of global audience view in Bollywood. And researching the how Bollywood fascinated among global audiences by constructing the cultural identity. The last topic of this literature review is about film Rang de basanti RDB(Paint it saffron) which is perfect and fit to research analysis for the project theme and structures the answers for research question analysis of Bollywood in social and politically exposed in realistic approaches how the movie entry into global debate. The movie RDB clearly constructs the ideology of Bollywood into its international level. In overall this last topic will be study about movie values and methodology. The classification of theory in institution mode of representation(IMR) into Bollywood concepts are ethical values in social and political values. The topic is just a analysis of film contexts qualitatively and discussion and argument of realistic issues methods. So in overall conclusion will quotes the brief ideas about contemporary Bollywood into social and political contexts by its ideology the rest chapter about research methods will be answering the questions in analysis of literature review and clearly mentioned its formation of subjectivity and analysis of IMR applying in the RDB with one film sequences and applying of concepts and theorys like Discourse analysis in denotative and connotative approaches. How the movie RDB communicate to audiences and reputation In Bollywood. And in last chapter will contains the conclusion of Bollywood in global level and analysis of social and political values. Thus the literature review motivates and helps the research methodology answers an d interestingly to demonstrates Bollywoods values in international Markets. Let us see the analysis of literature review topics discussions and authors arguments about Bollywood before analysing research methods. 2.2 BOLLYWOOD FOCUS From past Bollywood is focused on commercial Masala films for increase the economical status and social contexts entertain audiences with songs, masala and stunt sequences. Author M.Prasad suggests that Hindi movies structures it ethics into cultural spectrum into social and political contexts. The speciality of Bollywood is content of stunt, dance, traditions and social values. The significance of historical factors and Post colonial and nationalism is main core of Ideology in Bollywood (1998). The Indian audiences in Bollywood is mostly very emotional and very much tempted to film and films stars such like they involved in star promotions, star clubs. Most of films from Bollywood is represents the institution mode of idealization and male gazes with showcase of female gaze by glamour and there is shade of dramatically contexts. The promotion of movies, Ad-banners, posters in wall ,advertising and product ambassadors of stars, which emancipates and makes the feel to Citizens about t he movies in culture of India (Rangwala, 2007). Interestingly to say Author Umesh Gupta a vice president of whistling woods Film school has analysed a Bollywood into the musical culture that I accept the authors arguments The familiar way of Human values and emotions is reason of life The popular culture of India people in society for expressing excitements or to mourn Indian peoples use to consume music and songs. Author Gupta mention that is music in Bollywood to refresh and boost audience mind which keeps you hale and happy and songs are effective pattern process and otherwise it is vague important for vanish of emotional story. Furthermore author pointing that in Society of India the culture and social subjects are strongly effective and exposed in Hindi films. In dramatic condition of story music and dance are Become essential content in Bollywood. of course that is the progress of Hindi movies ideology (2011). The ethnicity is somewhat structured and it qualitatively theorised in the perspective manner. The focus Bollywood is attracts the audience and makes them entertain with songs, dance. And the thing is to say the Bollywood dance is the famous. Author states The paradoxes of Hindi movies is a fragile and keeps you mind refreshing and active method. The concept and narration of movie will focus into many stories which will compose and arise into many characters but not real. The classical narrative films in Bollywood are in gender and race spectatorships in 1940s to 60s. In India there is very much bad beliefs in Hinduism and the worst religious beliefs in Hinduism targeting female theories. Now we are saying that child abuse but in early in India there was child marriage in Hinduism which the marriage is been soon done by age of 12-15 for both genders ridiculous factors. And sathi it means if husband dies in Hinduism the women to will be burnt with husbands dead body. These are worst s entiments and beliefs in Hinduisms. And the movies against religion aspects of Muslims and Hindus. This is because of psychological behavioural beliefs and sensitive of people in religion in India. (Bose, 2006. If we see Bollywood films in early the star on male gaze is mostly structured in dramatically and postcolonial period. The classical narrative films that time create the social and cultural context in society. And also the films like Mother India, Mughal -e- azham and Gandhi are some films which make revolutionary and classical narrative melodrama. The stars and sequences will create an emotional impact of films. The spectatorships for films and media are promotions of social and political awareness. If we see Bengali film industry mostly all films are in melodrama and focus the low class society and realism in the movie. The noted and famous director Satyajit ray films the stories will be targeted the poor society and the films are artistic type. And he was the first Indian director nominated for Oscar by his direction ethics .Institution mode of representation in Bollywood films are very much structured and consumed foreign products nothing other than Hollywood (Hayward, 2006). The domain role of international affairs in India in early time is assumed and consumed in Bollywood till now. The consistency of Bollywood films in early time was very much criticised in modernistic values. The melodrama films that time is very much involved social spectatorships and ideology of making own style in Bollywood. Then after rajkapoor films the Bollywood makes it style into bit commercial fictional type of films means commercial cinemas (Bose, 2006). Even though there is story the star makes their own identity style in films. (Virdi, 2003) says about Bollywood That feminism is been slowly attracts with glamour sexuality to theorise the subject of voyeurism and male gaze. The India which the films mostly rely on the melodramas in early because of political consistency and British leave in India at 1947. The films mostly exposure of patriotism and slogans in films like Bharat ma ki jai, jai hind. So the films storys against British rule movement and making awareness about patriotism. And mostly the subjectivity is historical construction to structure the ideology in Bollywood industry. So (Bose, 2006) explains the perfection and describes about how Bollywood makes its nationalism and social reforms and formulas implemented and manipulated in Bollywood. The topic interestingly describes the Bollywood cultural critics and ethics of movie values and personalities from past. How the politics influenced from Bollywood pre and post independence. How the Bollywood synchronize and analyse the audience and brief historical construction from past. The source of (Bose 2006) gives the idea about Bollywood industry into social and political construction for this research project. Further from analysis from this project focus on the narrative and melodramatically ideas and perceptiveness of Bollywood in global level. NARRATIVE, MELODRAMA OF BOLLYWOOD The films of melodramas are mostly on based on true realistic Storys and incident and some of them are most controversial. The spectatorships is based on mythological and true narration that time. But now slowly the narrative style into commercial Masala likes presentation of films and dialogues delivery from stars The body language of stars and performance is very praised by audience that time. The films that in mid 80s are targeted the male gaze and spectatorships. But if we notice in deep concentration the performance will be mostly inspired from Hollywood casting style. The theory of classical narrative in Bollywood is very much modified and changes into global perceptiveness because of audiences preferences. Spectatorship of Bollywood industries are the realistic film subjects and exposure of sensibility and personal appetite in this space, from one person to another and screening to another of various films response to each film in the space of cinematic experience in ambiguity . It is often difficult to grasp the relationship between the expressive and the narrative way of explaining any films. Let us consider Bollywood movies, wherein it is assumed that song sequences depict the expressive function whereas either the picture or the dialogues depict the narrative part (Hsu). According to Gregory Booth (2000), The music scenes of the Hindi cinema visually and verbally express that which Indian social norms would otherwise define as in expressible. it looks like Booth is readily bridging the gap between film aesthetics and Indian social reality. in this assertion the spectatorship of the Bollywood movies how we comparatively varies the non music and music scenes in the films are subsumed and socially contexts in mediating role(2000). The melodrama is the essential in Bollywood those days. Most of movies is song are narrative and montage shots which is meant by symbolic shots we say is mostly structured in Bollywood. The contradiction of melodramas are with some commercial elements is somewhat creating emotional impact to audience in from past but now it different the movie mostly follows the feminist and western theory. For example Mehboob khan who took the mother India a classical narrative films have been change the Bollywood film industry into realistic and classic art type films with the story is about revolutionary and poverty in India. The story focus on the Radha (Nargis) who is struggling from political influence and economical situation of family and revolutionary during independence time.. in early margins actress was fascinating and everlasting in Bollywood films and mostly attracted by audiences. The is sketching of narration is working good and punctuated in some gruelling parts in the dance concepts in Bollywood movies. In post colonial India from rapid transition period of early 19 centurys the Mother India is melodramatic All times and Directors magnum opus. The conveying of tradition, family, patriotism and love is most importance and enthusiastic in south Asian cinema. The movie focus about struggling of Peasant family rich and vivid in Indian arts natures and the musics framed into it. The movie Mother India is melodramatic in Indian cinema all time. The movie three hours will treat you one of best movie in Indian cinema ever made and its too demanding among audiences in Bollywood for those who passion in cinema theorys. According to Bollywood industry The ethnicity contexts are very much remorseless in some religious aspects in melodrama if we see like to say that in French cinema in mid and present period of time the modernization and French revolution is increase of modernism which is manipulated in melodrama. Early the narrative and melodrama which is targeted on feminist theorys such as focusing on women sentiments beliefs and some social evolutions. The popular culture and consumer culture which is mostly would attract the audiences. During the Second World War 1950s the cinematic melodrama is noted and preoccupied Bollywood makes an attempt to sense of modernism and spectatorships and family subjectivitys (M.Prasad, 1998). The modernization and social and political contexts are well said in Bollywood narrative films. For example film Jodha Akbar this historical and romance narration film in 16th century is about a Mughal emperor Akbar (Hrithik Roshan) who is in love with Jodhabai (Aishwarya Ra i) Hindu girl and raj put princess gave birth to marriage and love and political aspects in the country and rule between both religious communities. In this three hours narrative film the spectatorships of cultural and modernism and realism is well structured and criticized. This narration film perfectly sketches the male gaze in absolute and traditions of cultural dominance and also classical narration with songs. The movie is directed by Ashutosh Gowariker director of Lagan and swadesh which is very much criticized and the three of his films mostly focus on narrative spectatorships about Indian cultural and traditions. And the music narration is by academic award winner A.R.Rahman which is everlasting classical music in films. The music which brings out the patriotism, religious aspects and the cultural dominancy in three of the films. So narrative films in Bollywood are mostly structured with songs in perspective manner. REALISTIC AND COMMERICAL (MASALA) MOVIES The Masala (Mixed of spices) film is the most mainstream films not only Bollywood mostly attracting audiences through songs, dance, comedy and love. This is because the audiences psychological impacts and development of business consistency and contexts and also huge hit of success and super dooper hit . For example I like to say that movie which makes high debate among audiences in India Dilwale dulhaniya le jayenge (directed by Adyta chopra and produced yash chopra stars is Shahrukh khan, kajol and amrish puri the movie is still in running in theatre due to fabulous songs and romantic love story. This films has not only in India also has mega hit reach in global level. Which makes a high level income not only from production side also it attracts the whole Bollywood industry. Not only Dilwale dulhaniya le jayenge but also movies like Kuch kuch hota hai, lagaan are some famous Bollywood movies which is mostly attracted to global audiences. The team of yash chopra, aditya chopra and Shahrukh khan are structured to mass audiences after the huge hit of these films . Not only in film production also has music production had the songs reached to global level (Sarkar, 2008). The music of this film has become like a national anthem for audiences the period of time in 90s when the film releases. The movie breaks records in Bollywood industry. But realistic films like Black, Taare zameen par, are also some movies which also become good response from audiences. (Nita, 2007) Author mentioned that But hypothetical to say about audiences psychological statement about movies. Most of Bollywood audiences have passion on commercial masala films because of cultural identity. So most of films directors like Karan Johar, aditya chopra and many more rely on the commercial elements in films for making good movies in Bollywood also for development of business and make cultural and social contexts in India . Realistic movies is nothing but a movies which has social message with value of story which characters is feels like normal costume and shade of some real feel in it. For example if we see directors Shyam benegal, sanjayleela Bansali , Ashutosh gowariker or Madhur ba ndharkar films are mostly 90 percentage of realism is structured in it. The voyeurism is very much claims and recognized and criticised in the both gender spectatorships in their films. But the narrations of films are mostly through songs. The half percentage of story is narrated through in songs in some of both realistic films and commercial masala films. And in commercial cinema mostly the art direction which is production design is highly expensible set in the Bollywood movies. The panoramic Indian Bollywood cinema slowly changing its ethic into global casting in commercial cinema is targeted on the both gaze of audience. Interesting factors about a Bollywood Author Madhava Prasad states in the book ideology of Hindi movies analysed the consumption of audience that Mostly realistic films in Bollywood are much idealized into classical methodology but present it is modifying and manipulating into global debates. The realism in Bollywood is also has 10 percentage of commercial aspects in some Bollywood films such like a songs sequences or comedy. For example if see In Film Fashion directed by Madhur bhandharkar was very much portrayed in realistic with commercial element songs. The story is about a girl who entered has passion and ambition to become a miss world entered into fashion industry and how she was coping well into industry, like her struggle, happy and sad in this industry falls in love with designer and models and how she overcome from chaos and succeeds. This story focuses into realistic happening in fashion industry and targets the real characterization of women in fashion industry with melo dious songs and romance in it. I would like to say that Hindi movies are mostly rely on songs, music into narrating of story. It is commercialistic identity of Indian cinema that audiences preferred in it. This is because comparatively like to say about mostly our mythological tales like Mahabharata, Ramayana Hindu mythology tales there is commercialism in the mythology tales. As a present generation we dono whether there is a Real tales about Rama (god) is there fall in love with sita (Goddess) and villains like Ravana a villain character who traps the goddess and Rama as protagonist who saves his wife sita (godess) depict as heroine and destroy villain from tale which happened a decade ago before 1000 BC. But it is true. Tale categorise of Sad, happy, love and of course lyrics of good classical music in it such as praising love a divine and praising hero like that. Still hindu people has superstious beliefs the story and depict the chareters as a god. (Virdi, 2003) So commercialism is categorised from early of generation so this strategy rule is followed in Hindi cinema till now like hero falls in love with heroine and romantic imagination songs and fights with villains character like Ramayana tale . But realistic movies have different opinions in it. The feminist theory in Bollywood is mostly in voyeurism of female spectatorships in the Bollywood representation and spectacle. From Early Rajkapoor to Amitabh Bachan the commercial is very much structured into high level spectatorships to audiences consistency (Virdi, 2003). But most of the movies in Bollywood if we see the most essential and importance given to male gazes such as Hero is the only man to do extraordinary things and attracts opposite sex heroines by his heroism, body language, costumes and he fight for her and saves from villain. The male dominance is very much focused in major Bollywood films not only Bollywood all Other Indian cinema too. Most of Hindi commercial films are based on the imaginative spectrum of ideology. States about realistic movie in Bollywood that in a website UTV motion pictures Producer Mr Ronnie screwala states that The stars like Shahrukh Khan, Amitabh bachan, Saif Ali khan will modifies into different scenario opinion and options together sensed About a movies would have its good promotions and response would work in the box office.meanwhile the other Bollywood celebritys reluctant and looking forward for formula movies but at present the innovative aspects like scripts pull the audiences to the movies by thier promotions for example the option of choosing the scripts makes Shahrukh, amitabh bachan, Abhishek special kind of work involvement (Singh, 2006). so obviously thats the Idea and shaping the audience mind to see what the newer things and aspects. but major players are in motive of making money instead making good films targeting international markets making commercial movies not real movies so the stars are not willing and less courage to do innovative script like this. so the star value does the good ethics from past but now Bollywood is slowly changing. Due to decreasing of view on scripts and most film personalities didnt have the potential aspects going beyond the realistic approaches and bit fear to do a innovative good real cinema so they indeed of making formula commercial masala movies. so There is no any strong impacts or real cinema from previous directors so they are involved in making a commercial masala movies and star value movies and of course It is very easy to get casts and crews directors, producer who are focusing on cultural and fictional movies. so audiences are obvisolly focusing on this tasteful manner.Th e present things slowly changing towards to making good realistic movies and Bollywood industry had developing in into many revenues and from international markets from present conditions. so the things like long conerversation and presentation and performance of stunts , dance have slowly modified into a innovative screenplay. The realistic things are appreciated in movies.. So from analysing this qualitatively the producer speech that his view about audience is very much obliged to Bollywood industry it seems. And his taste of realistic movies in Bollywood like how oringality is been sketched in the Bollywood films and how star have been coordinate and opinions on the realistic movies. There is strong social message in Bollywood realistic movies which has the view about contexts of socialism and voyeurism of both gender spectatorships represents in hindi films. But some producer will prefer commercialisms in Bollywood because of to increase the economical status and revenues by producing commercial Masala films with production star value films for example films has big star in it and has generically value of songs, stunts and punch dialogues from stars and songs location aboard like Australia, America. And most of the producer will dependent on stars and produce high budgets films to increase financial status and trade in Bollywood industry. this is fro m early to present generation (Sarkar, 2008). But in current generation it slowly modifying and developing and films focused on originality storys and stars like Amir khan, Shahrukh Khan, Abhiskek Bachan come forward for realistic films and taking Bollywood into international level. But major of audience in India still have a passion on commercial cinema but it bit modifying. In my opinion both commercial and originality is cinema is important. of course We should take any originality storys into commercial we because there should be independent identity for every films. So overall conclusion the real and commercial films in Bollywood is hypothetical judgement from audience and Bollywood should focus on realistic movies and Indian government and directors and Bollywood celebritys should come forward in production of good realistic films not only in Bollywood also in Indian cinema. So next we are going to see about cultural identity of Bollywood cinema and in India with example one movie analysis related to theme and feminism portrayals and cultural identity analysis and research in Bollywood films with social contexts. 2.4 GLOBAL BOLLYWOOD AND ITS AUDIENCES The Bollywood has the individual reputation among other cinema in not only in India also in global level. The Bollywood has some high influence and passion among some global audiences by its identity of culture, genre, particularly songs, dance and celebritys in it. The perceptiveness of global audiences was very much structured in the commercial spectatorships of Bollywood films. Bollywood has massive global audiences particularly for music. So these types of quality films show the Bollywood into global reputation among audiences such like value of stories and songs. And mostly songs, dances reach the Bollywood into global level. I would like to Thank Mr Danny Boyle director of film Slumdog Millionaire which makes a Indian music director Mr A.R.Rahman to win 2 Oscars and take an Bollywood industry into global level. The songJai ho reach to global audiences to win Oscar. The movie which is nominated to oscar second time was Lagaan2001 which makes Bollywood into excitement the story f ocus on british rule in India. Then Movie Devdas2002 high budget film in Indian films which is romantic melodrama. Here to know that RDB is the movie entered the Golden globe award in year 2006. This is first individual mainstream movie to golden globe awards. This is really proud of every Indians. And A.R.Rahman is first Indian music director to get an academy award in India. The Bollywood is very much focused on international market to develop its social and economical contexts. Not only Bollywood movies also the celebritys and personalities who is reaching global films for example Indian actresses And yesteryear miss world Mrs Aishwarya Rai Bachan who acted in many foreign films like pink panther, Pride and prejudice and Mr Ben kingsley a British actor who acted in film Gandhi . So these international exchange are some examples how Bollywood reaching into global level. Bollywood is slowly modifying and changing formulas and entering into global level market and in many film festivals and awards. Majorly, Indian film industry especially the Bollywood has immensely developed the production rate value. Also the depth in value of the film has been depticatedly improved parallel to the cinematography and the box office. The popularity among the Indian cinema has been dramatically improved within the film industry that let to the pride which is clearly visible in the U.S and in Europe. As for the above, the movie business is rapidly changing by the Hollywood which is having an economical change towards the film industry. The current cultural globalization is the revrse process that leads to the formation of a wuality Bollywood industry and the context so its now just one way traffic. In the Indian film industry the economical trading market was embedded in the west as the values were derisive, additionally that made way to the maximum profit in the Bollywood industry worldwide. In the business i.e., the cinematic trade has some tricks to be followed which may makes gain or lose some value. In overall global Bollywood trade the UK and US has the good response in Hindi movies industrys. We can say it is because of passion those who have cultural heritage and sharing. And in 19th century and present century most of Bollywood films are shooted and taken in London, Australia , America the films like Salaam Namaste, taken in Australia, Story about a couple and My name is khan in America and many more. So this shows how Bollywood influence into international criteria and its contexts. Even the culture in Bollywood movies to change into western cultural debates by most of English dialogues, costumes, lifestyle. So this shows relationship among global audiences. and in TV programme about international market in Bollywood about that I strongly to say Bollywood is slowly changing into global audiences by titles, by English lyrics and songs. For example 3 idiots, Blue and My name is Khan which is best to recognise for international audiences. And also songs in western culture and English lyrics in it. Karan johar the director of My name is khan is the director to involve global culture in Bollywood cinema and his most of his movies will shooted in America, Australia. His movies mostly rely on western culture. Not only karan johar from all directors in Bollywood focusing on international audiences to have high consumption of international market to take Bollywood into global level audiences. So this shows the exposure of how Bollywood have been structured into global level markets and audiences. The Bollywood has the special focus of cultural identity and patriotic contexts in movies like said before topics. In this topic the going to see analysis of how the Bollywood structures the cultural and patriotic diplomacy with analysis of one film and a discussion of one sequences and with institution mode of representation and spectatorships and comparatively research and analyse the film with any one or two films. And overall film contexts and research how the film reaches to global level. Most of moral is structured cultural and patriotic films in Bollywood. But the American culture (Americanization) which makes the in major young peoples in Mumbai and many states in India into deep controversial and conflicts things for Example if we our Indian culture in olden days. The traditions of India like Mumbai, Delhi, the female is mostly family oriented and dependent on male spectatorships for example the dress codes are chudithaar, sarees, pyjamas. But its totally changing now into A merican and global culture (Pendukar, 2003) . The social contexts in India are very much pleasant even after the independence after British rule in India. The author Bhaskar sarkar analysed the cultural Bollywood in journal of Melodrama of globalization in cultural dynamics that time the culture was very much structured into socialistic and communistic and patriotic contexts. The female and male both gender has the respective mode and represent the best aspects and contexts in 70,s 80;s and 90;s but present generation it is totally change into American culture and globalization. I strongly to say the Americanisation and Hollywood representation is very much effective and dominant into Bollywood (Sarkar, 2008). This is due to exchange of international perceptions, and many socio economic developments. Mostly IT (information technology) industry has involved in every affairs of Indian culture, consumer and popular culture and its dominant and change and strongly dominant to many aspects. Such as now present generation both male and female a

One Event Changed Everything Essay -- Personal Narrative Writing

One Event Changed Everything â€Å"Our lives are not determined by what happens to us but by how we react to what happens, not by what life brings to us, but by the attitude we bring to life. A positive attitude causes a chain reaction of positive thoughts, events, and outcomes. It is a catalyst, a spark that creates extraordinary results.† -Anon. After living in a place I loved for eleven years, I did not think that I would be able to have the same feelings or emotions towards another place. I thought everything I had was where I had been for years, but I was wrong. If you go into something new with a good attitude and know that there is always something else out there, then it works out for the best. Moving to Reno, Nevada from Glendale, Arizona defines me and is significant to my life because it made me grow as a person and it made me who I am today. In the middle of junior year, my parents told me that we were moving to Reno for my dad’s new job. I said, â€Å"Okay, I will be living with Andri then, so I can graduate from Mountain Ridge?† Boy was I wrong. I thought that since I only had a year and a half left of school before graduating that they would let me stay at my brother and sister-in-law’s house so I could graduate with my friends. They had other plans for me. They decided that I should go with them so I could make new friends and start a new life, while keeping my friends from Arizona at the same time. So I went with it. I thought that maybe the change would be good for me. I also thought that I would have a chance at living my dream of becoming a high school cheerleader; something I did not get to pursue at my old high school because of the competition. So I went into the move with... ...great time anyway. After competition, the season was coming to an end. We had a couple of basketball games to go and then my dream would be over. The friends I met and the experiences I shared with them are never going to be forgotten. Graduation was next; a time when I would have to say goodbye to everyone that I had become close to. I had a blast the year and a half I spent in Reno. Like I said before, it was a life changing event that changed me for the better, made me the person I am today, and it defines me. I am a spirited, outgoing, athletic, strong, and a willing person. All of these characteristics I discovered about myself after moving away from the place and the friends I thought I would never be able to leave. There are millions of people and places out there, all you need to do is be willing to get out there and try something new.

Barriers to Learning from Disaster

Barriers to Learning from Catastrophe The being of insurance policies is cited by some bookman as one of the barriers to larning from catastrophes ( Elliott, et al. , 2000 ) . There is a misconception among the members of the populace that one time you have taken an insurance policy, it will take attention of all your jeopardies. In most instances insurance will non cover hurricane harm, inundations among other jeopardies which are black. Persons and concern organisations have ever viewed readiness cost as expensive and besides excessively complicated ( Elliott et al. , 2000 ) . The perceptual experience that catastrophes happen everyplace and that they can non be avoided is another barrier to larning from their happening. This perceptual experience and attitude is unsafe, but it can be overcome through hazard readiness and analysis. Most people have close entree to adequate supplies of nutrient and H2O, this is unsafe because these people are ever comfy and takes small or no precautional steps to forestall a catastrophe from reoccurring ( Elliott et al. , 2000 ) . The construct of personal duty poses another barrier. Peoples are brought up believing that they can ever turn to name aid lopes such as 911 in instance of an exigency. Some state of affairss may happen forestalling the forces in charge of exigency from making in clip. As a consequence, many people fail to larn how to last on their ain without the aid of other individuals ( Lawson, 2013 ) . The inclination of switching incrimination for an inauspicious happening provides another barrier. If an organisation is entirely responsible for a catastrophe due to miss of readiness, it should research the causes and non faulting other persons. If the incrimination is projected elsewhere, such organisations fail to larn from the occurrence of the catastrophe. Where there is a deficiency of trust in an organisation, the informational flow, indispensable for organisational acquisition and crisis direction can be distorted. In the absence of trust, full revelation will besides non be available therefore suppressing honestness. For case, the inclination to fault a pilot in instance of an accident masks all factors that contributed to the accident which might hold been an of import lesson to such a pilot ( Lawson, 2013 ) . When we experience a catastrophe, we tend to research our failures to forestall and expect inauspicious events, likely that have long periods of incubation. In most instances, the premises made and the nucleus beliefs normally have an influence on the usage or development of precautional steps. If we base our precautional steps on false premises, our control systems and all defence mechanisms in topographic point will be a failure, which may non attest itself unless triggered to expose them. These defences make it hard for a state or an single to cover with events when they really occur, given that catastrophe is normally unexpected and pressing. Sometimes fortunes taking to a catastrophe in an organisation can be alone and the available eventuality programs may non hold incorporated schemes on how to cover with them. Poor readyings or programs based false premises can take to projecting incriminations and denial. Until the ruinous event has occurred, so the state can non go on to de ny the chance of the event happening. The denial procedure will suppress our ability to larn after the event ( Boulter et al. , 2013. ) . When a catastrophe occurs, it creates a circumstance which lies outside the usual direction pattern and more frequently it will transcend the authoritiess or managers’ experience and accomplishments. Crisis is a period of uncertainnesss and many activities, and hence there is small clip for larning and contemplation. Governments and directions will seek to hold legitimacy from their citizens and the stakeholders as they deal with the event’s wake. They will most evidently project incrimination to person or elsewhere. This will do the acquisition after the crisis much more hard. Therefore, larning will seldom follow catastrophe. Failure to larn a lesson from the happening of an inauspicious event will present a menace for return of similar events in the hereafter and the authorities or directions will reiterate errors that they had made earlier. It is hence of import for the authoritiess and organisations to non merely learn from their errors but besides from the errors made by other organisations or states ( Katrina, 2008 ) . Effective communicating is highly of import during a catastrophe. Feedback will assist forestall the incident from developing into a ruinous event. This can merely happen if organisations can hold both negative and positive feedbacks. Effective thought is paramount in these state of affairss as it will take to the development of new positions and new significance to catastrophe. In most instances, organisations experience individual looped feedback and therefore individual looped larning. There is a demand for cultural readjustment which must non be an on and off occasions, but should be evaluated on a regular basis both in footings of aims and purposes ( Elliott et al. , 2000 ) . Time can besides impede effectual acquisition from a catastrophe. No paperss may hold been maintained, memories will melt with clip, participants will decease and the juncture becomes blurred as clip base on ballss. It is much more hard to larn from past catastrophes because of the modern engineerings which have taken case in point. Operators of modern equipment may non understand what the engineering can make for them ; therefore supplying fewer chances for acquisition. Our civilization will besides impact the ability to larn from past happenings. The records of a catastrophe will ever be tainted by the civilization of the people bring forthing the record. This makes those reading past events to believe that it would merely go on in that specific background ( Moresco and Peek, 2013 ) . Distance is besides a hinderance to be learned from catastrophes. Hazard directors will ever inquire how an event that took topographic point 1000s of stat mis off and likely in another continent, will supply an penetration. When hazard directors impose their ain civilizations on others, the distant events appear unsuitable uneven, or unimportant. Differences in clime, architecture and geographics will impact the procedure of larning from catastrophes. The jurisprudence will germinate with clip and within a given civilization. When people, look behind at what happened at the clip when there was no jurisprudence, or, under different jurisprudence, they may neglect to understand what lessons are applicable in the present life ( Bonner, 2000 ) . Poverty and deficiency of instruction ; people with small or no instruction be given to be nescient about issues that do non hold immediate reverberations. They tend to take small or no precautional steps to assist forestall a catastrophe from reoccurring.Mentions Bonner, A. , 2000.Interrupting Barriers to Learn From Past Catastrophes.1st erectile dysfunction. Toronto: Allan Bonner Communications Management Inc.. Boulter, S. , Palutikof, J. P. , Karoly, D. J. & A ; Guitart, D. , 2013..Natural catastrophes and version to climate alteration.1st erectile dysfunction. Cambridge, : Cambridge University Press. Elliott, et al. , 2000. Organizational behaviour ( Analysis ) .Management-Problem Solving,3 ( 21 ) . Katrina, N. d. a. a. H. , 2008.Harry Ward Richardson ; Peter Gordon ; James Elliott Moore.1st erectile dysfunction. Cheltenham, U.K. ; Northampton, : Ma: Edward Elgar, . Lawson, C. , 2013. Disaster Management & A ; Risk Reduction. 13 March. Moresco, J. & A ; Peek, L. A. , 2013. The manner forward: get the better ofing barriers to disaster hazard decrease.NATURAL HAZARDS OBSERVER,1 January.37 ( 3 ) .

Human behavior Essay

Behavior of individuals in various settings is at times very difficult due to ethical constraints. This includes the investigation of why people take risks or gamble with their decision making processes. However, it is quite interesting to note that on situations which are not so threatening for individuals, it is apparent that people typically take risks in picking their options or when making their final choice. The following shows available data on human motivation and the theories surrounding the topic. Risk taking is defined as â€Å"engaging in any activity with an uncertain outcome,† as one scholar puts it. Theories of Motivation on Risk Taking Different theories describe and explain risk taking and why human beings are motivated to pursue or engage in activities or behavior that put their lives in much danger or create an element of risk of whatever form. The following are taken from current literature in the field of human behavior analysis. 1. Psychoanalytic or Psychodynamic Theory. Following the tradition of Freud, human motivation to take risks is taken from the basic understanding that when people feel fear in a certain situation or occasion, it is not good to overcome that fear. Freudian theory condemns outrightly risk taking as plain insanity. It reasons that to risk man’s very life has no warrant at all. It is nonsense. In other important spheres of life, however, to risk is inevitable and deemed necessary. There are many successful people in the business world who are known as risk takers (Llewellyn, 2003). They succeed, in fact, because of this unique attitude in them which is considered foolhardy in other realms. While it is true that life is the most precious commodity a man could ever possess, and to risk it is foolishness, it is equally true that not to risk at all in other areas means cowardice and immobility. Psychoanalysts even treat risk-taking behavior as a symptom of â€Å"a diseased mind. † Because for them, life is not to be gambled, therefore, it is insanity when someone chooses bungee-jumping as his/her sport (Llewellyn, 2003). 2. The Evolutionary Theory. Evolutionary theory explained man’s adventurous nature as simply an expression of his primal instincts (Llewellyn, 2003). Assuming that Darwin’s theory is correct, that man evolved from apes like common animal, a human early in the evolutionary process had to fight for his life to survive. This survival nature, according to this theory, is retained in modern man’s genetic make up (Llewellyn, 2003). This is the reason why even those people in the elite echelon of society choose to use their favorite sport like riding a dirigible as their campaign tool to promote their business. The problem with this theory is that it has remained to be unproven and lacking in evidences as yet. Humans are not proven to have descended from apes. 3. Contemporary Theories a. Extroversion and Introversion Personality theories contend that this two broad scope of personality traits capture the individual’s propensity towards behaving in certain ways. Extroversion helps explain why some people tend to be outgoing and hence, the greater the probability to engage in risky decisions (Llewellyn, 2003). b. Emotional Stability and Neuroticism This is another of the Contemporary theories that shed light on traits that remain stable over a period of time, clearly indicating which may best describe an individual and what differs him/her from another. Emotionally stable people, as those who posit on this model, may take risks but have taken many things to great lengths in order to get the best possible option or alternative (Llewellyn, 2003). Conversely, people who are more on the neuroticism side manifest the greater tendency to take risks without much weighing on the consequences. The tendency to be impulsive is to a higher degree present in individuals under this category. 4. Eysenck and Costa and McCrae’s model These two theorists added their own version to the array of personality theories. The former has the Psychoticism versus Humaneness dimension while the latter two theorists added three dimensions: Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, and Agreeableness. The main argument against these classifications is its narrowness in explaining and categorizing the complexities that make human behavior (Llewellyn, 2003). While they help explore different behaviors or attitudes, there are more that remained unexplained. Until now, certain serial killers or murderers, defy the above mentioned explanations of human behavior. 5. The Zuckerman ‘Sensation Seeking Trait’ Although an expansion on one of the features of Psychoticism and Humaneness model, Sensation Seeking helps also explain the differences between individuals. There are people who do have a higher degree of this trait; like more men seek sensation-enhancing-experiences or â€Å"venturesome† traits, while others have very minimal of this trait. This is what Zuckerman refers to in his Sensation seeking trait theory. What other experts consider as this theory’s limitation is embedded in the matter of other personality traits’ influence on risk taking behavior other than this trait by itself. Studies reveal that the psychological profiles of risk takers are diverse and the universality of this trait is still further being investigated (Llewellyn, 2003). Risk taking is a fascinating area of interest for many students of human behavior. When explored through the eyes of a Psychoanalyst, the subject becomes even more intriguing because Freudian understanding possesses an attractive alternative to the more cognitive way of assessing risk taking behavior. When the subject of evolutionary psychology of explaining risk taking behavior is concerned, it contains a ring of truth in it that many today are convinced of its manner of explaining behavior. Instinct is still a potent facet in behavior that cannot be eradicated from the study of behavior of humans (Llewellyn, 2003). When people are confronted with the distinctiveness of the human personality, the dimensions are almost unlimited; some experts opt for the multi-dimensional method while others choose the narrow and concise way. All of these approaches have their strengths and weaknesses; degree of breadth and limitations. However, they are good and profitable for jumpstarting further explorations into the human psyche and its accompanying expressions. Reference: 1. Llewellyn, David J. 2003. The Psychology of Risk Taking. Accessed in www. risktaking. co. uk.

Free Essays on Criminology

The way â€Å"Classical Criminology† was viewed was that if the punishment was of public notice they were scaring the people from committing crimes. Beccaria believed that people wanted to commit crimes but wanted to avoid being tortured. He felt that criminals received some type of thrill and pleasure while committing the crime. The criminal thought that the thrill he received while committing the crime, was well worth the torture he or she would receive if he were caught. Criminals did not think of the outcome at the time of the act, only once he or she was caught would they think of what is about to happen. I believe that â€Å"Classical Criminology† and â€Å"Positivism’s† would have to difficult to compare, because classical states that they like the thrill they receive while committing the crime and the punishment is worth all that pain they will receive if their caught, but if you look at it like this, if they don’t get caught they have received the pleasure of their life and will eventually continue till they get caught because it’s a easy way of life. Positivism’s say that the feature on a person can tell us that they are criminals, how? It might be the genes from their parents or other family members in the past. I would have to disagree on this theory. Just because my grandparents were criminals, I have to be a criminal no! Society and current events in a family can help change a person’s future, this is why it’s important for each generation of children to try to better it s family circle. I would go with Durkheim. Everyone is different and we would definite have a boring society if everyone went around with white collar image, and law enforcement agencies wouldn’t have a job to do.... Free Essays on Criminology Free Essays on Criminology The Code of King Hammauabi of Babylon, the Fourteenth Century B.C.’s Hittite Code, Draconian Code of Athens, and the Roman Law of the Twelve Tablets are past laws which have made the foundation for the death penalty, one of America’s most controversial issues today. Murder has been found to be the top reason why most inmates find themselves on death row now. However dating back to the time of King Hammauabi there have been twenty-five out of the two-hundred and forty-nine known codes where death is the punishment. Through-out the past thousands of years there has been significant revisions done to criminal law and the punishments that fit each crime. The death penalty as a punishment for murder can be dated further back in time to Biblical times. According to Kerby Anderson, author of the essay Capital Punishment, in Genesis the Bible states that â€Å"whoever sheds man’s blood, by man shall be shed, for in the image of God He made man.† Here it is clearly stated that the death penalty for murder was an accepted practice. It is even shown that God felt that certain punishment was deemed necessary for different crimes. â€Å"God destroyed two cities because of the heinous sin of the inhabitants.† Anderson also identifies how the Mosaic Law â€Å"set forth numerous offenses that were punishable by death. The first was murder.† Anderson also gives a strong argument against Christians who feel that â€Å"capital punishment does not apply to the New Testament and church age.† He finds that Romans 13: 1-7 â€Å"teaches that human government is ordained by God and that the civil magistrate is the minister of God.† According to Michael H. Reggio author of History of the Death Penalty, â€Å"Jews used many different techniques including stoning, hanging, beheading, crucifixion, throwing the criminal from a rock, and sawing asunder,† for various crimes. It took, however, almost three hundred years after the death of Christ before... Free Essays on Criminology The way â€Å"Classical Criminology† was viewed was that if the punishment was of public notice they were scaring the people from committing crimes. Beccaria believed that people wanted to commit crimes but wanted to avoid being tortured. He felt that criminals received some type of thrill and pleasure while committing the crime. The criminal thought that the thrill he received while committing the crime, was well worth the torture he or she would receive if he were caught. Criminals did not think of the outcome at the time of the act, only once he or she was caught would they think of what is about to happen. I believe that â€Å"Classical Criminology† and â€Å"Positivism’s† would have to difficult to compare, because classical states that they like the thrill they receive while committing the crime and the punishment is worth all that pain they will receive if their caught, but if you look at it like this, if they don’t get caught they have received the pleasure of their life and will eventually continue till they get caught because it’s a easy way of life. Positivism’s say that the feature on a person can tell us that they are criminals, how? It might be the genes from their parents or other family members in the past. I would have to disagree on this theory. Just because my grandparents were criminals, I have to be a criminal no! Society and current events in a family can help change a person’s future, this is why it’s important for each generation of children to try to better it s family circle. I would go with Durkheim. Everyone is different and we would definite have a boring society if everyone went around with white collar image, and law enforcement agencies wouldn’t have a job to do....

WNMU Admissions (Costs, Scholarships Aid More)

WNMU Admissions (Costs, Scholarships Aid More) Western New Mexico University Description: Established in 1893, Western New Mexico University has a rich history and numerous registered historic buildings. The 83-acre main campus is located in Silver City, New Mexico. The downtown features a range of art galleries, coffee shops and restaurants. The nearest larger city is El Paso, roughly two-and-a-half hours to the southeast. Albuquerque and Phoenix are each over a four-hour drive. Outdoor lovers will love WNMUs location. The town is surrounded by Gila National Forest, a 3.3 million acre area with plenty of opportunities for hiking, biking, fishing, and camping. Western New Mexico University has a diverse student bodyhalf of students are Hispanic, and the school has an official designation as an Hispanic Serving Institution. Students can choose from over 70 fields of study including some online options. Business and social science fields are among the most popular. Academics are supported by a 14 to 1 student / faculty ratio and an average class size of 18. The university g ets high marks for its value, and a students tuition rate is guaranteed for four years. Student life is active, and  WNMU has intramural sports and a long list of student clubs and organizations including a Craft Club, Improv Troupe, and WNMU Roller Derby. On the intercollegiate athletic front, the WNMU Mustangs compete in the NCAA Division II Lone Star Conference  with sports like men’s and women’s golf, cross country, and tennis. The university fields five mens and six womens varsity sports. Will You Get In? Calculate Your Chances of Getting In  with this free tool from Cappex Admissions Data (2016): Western New Mexico University Acceptance Rate: -Western New Mexico University has open admissionsTest Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: - / -SAT Math: - / -SAT Writing: - / -Whats a good SAT score?ACT Composite: - / -ACT English: - / -ACT Math: - / -Whats a good ACT score? Enrollment (2016): Total Enrollment: 3,427  (2,491 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 39% Male / 61% Female53% Full-time Costs (2016  - 17): Tuition and Fees: $5,906  (in-state); $13,806 (out-of-state)Books: $1,466  (why so much?)Room and Board: $8,936Other Expenses: $5,080Total Cost: $21,388  (in-state); $29,288 (out-of-state) Western New Mexico University Financial Aid (2015  - 16): Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 96%Percentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 93%Loans: 52%Average Amount of AidGrants: $8,929Loans: $6,734 Academic Programs: Most Popular Majors: Accounting, Business Administration, Criminal Justice, General Studies, Kinesiology, Psychology, Social WorkWhat major is right for you?  Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Transfer, Graduation and Retention Rates: First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 50%4-Year Graduation Rate: 9%6-Year Graduation Rate: 20% Intercollegiate Athletic Programs: Mens Sports:  Football, Golf, Tennis, Track and Field, Basketball, Cross CountryWomens Sports:  Volleyball, Track and Field, Cross Country, Softball, Golf, Basketball Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics If You Like Western New Mexico University, You May Also Like These Schools: University of New MexicoNew Mexico State UniversityEastern New Mexico UniversityNew Mexico Highlands UniversityNew Mexico TechArizona State UniversityNorthern Arizona UniversityUniversity of ArizonaUniversity of Colorado at Colorado SpringsColorado State University Western New Mexico University Mission Statement: mission statement from  wnmu.edu/admin/president/missionvision.shtml WNMU engages and empowers learners in a multicultural, inclusive, creative, and caring community of teaching, scholarship/research, and service.

Formulas of Common Acids and Bases

Formulas of Common Acids and Bases Acids and bases are used in many chemical reactions. They are responsible for most color change reaction and are used to adjust the pH of chemical solutions. Here are the names of some of the common acids and bases and the formulas associated with them. Formulas of  Binary Acids A binary compound consists of two elements. Binary acids have the prefix hydro in front of the full name of the nonmetallic element. They have the ending s include hydrochloric, and hydrofluoric acid includes: Hydrofluoric Acid - HFHydrochloric Acid - HClHydrobromic Acid - HBrHydroiodic Acid - HIHydrosulfuric Acid - H2S Formulas of Ternary Acids Ternary acids commonly contain hydrogen, a nonmetal, and oxygen. The name of the most common form of the acid consists of the nonmetal root name with the -ic ending.  The acid containing one less oxygen atom than the most common form is designated by the -ous ending. An acid containing one less oxygen atom than the -ous acid has the prefix hypo- and the -ous ending. The acid containing one more oxygen than the most common acid has the per- prefix and the -ic ending. Nitric Acid  - HNO3Nitrous Acid - HNO2Hypochlorous Acid - HClOChlorous Acid - HClO2Chloric Acid - HClO3Perchloric Acid - HClO4Sulfuric Acid - H2SO4Sulfurous Acid  - H2SO3Phosphoric Acid - H3PO4Phosphorous Acid - H3PO3Carbonic Acid - H2CO3Acetic Acid - HC2H3O2Oxalic Acid - H2C2O4Boric Acid - H3BO3Silicic Acid - H2SiO3 Formulas of Common Bases Sodium Hydroxide  - NaOHPotassium Hydroxide - KOHAmmonium Hydroxide - NH4OHCalcium Hydroxide - Ca(OH)2Magnesium Hydroxide - Mg(OH)2Barium Hydroxide - Ba(OH)2Aluminum Hydroxide - Al(OH)3Ferrous Hydroxide or Iron (II) Hydroxide - Fe(OH)2Ferric Hydroxide or Iron (III) Hydroxide - Fe(OH)3Zinc Hydroxide - Zn(OH)2Lithium Hydroxide - LiOH

Trust within EU Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Trust within EU - Essay Example There have been a number of things that make the EU members to mistrust each other. This is especially so between the older members and the new members. The fact that most of these countries in the EU have different standings on different issues such as the economic and judicial systems makes trust a serious issue in the EU. Those countries in the EU which are former communist members of the soviet have been accused of not being collaborative enough in implementing the right economic and the legal system. This has led to the mistrust which is in twofold. First, the older members of the EU do not trust the newer members, most of them having been former members of the Soviet Union. They feel that these newer members may not be desiring to bring in to the union as much as they should. The newer member states at the same time have also been mistrusting the older members because they feel that they may be taken advantage of, especially with regard to economic exploitation. This has led to high, tensions and this mistrust has led to the some of the members being suspended from the union. New members have been required to fully conform to EU standards (Lewis, 2000, p.116). At the same time, the role and mandate of EU in the region continue to change and increase (Woolcock, 2009, p.149). According to Molle (2006, p.12) all forms of integration requires some form of permanent agreement that will bind the different members together. These agreements scan lead to mistrust when some members feel that they are being put to a disadvantage. Mythology To be able to get the data regarding the issue of trust within the EU, the study will look for various sources of information ranging from the fallowing; Websites The issue of trust in the EU has been abundantly evident, and there are professional websites that have published and publicized the issue over time. Most professional websites have provided credible information about the issue and have also given enough data and statis tics regarding the factors that have made trust an issue. These statistics revolve around issues such as, democracy, economic systems, and the level of corruption, especially with regard to ex-communist members in the EU. These websites will provide useful and credible information with regard to the issue of trust. Books Since the EU was formed, a lot of authors, both academic and professional, have written about the issue of trust in the EU. These books tackle various topics ranging from economics to politics of the EU. Both positive and negative information has been written about the EU, and this provides a good research ground to understand the internal workings of the EU. Some have criticized the EU by saying that its goals are just big pink elephants that will never be realized. Similarly, there are those who have given praise to the union and see it as a savoir in the European continent. These books will provide a good research foundation for this study. Journals and magazines Journals and magazines have also published information about the EU since it was formed. The current issues of trust within the union have been a difficult topic covered by the many journals and magazines available. These journals and magazines also provide good insights and understanding about the issue o

Capital purchase justification Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Capital purchase justification - Assignment Example The purchase of the equipment is necessary to make the hospital run (Grantham, Haupt, Isbell, McClung, & Rettie, 2005). A CAT scan needs service providers. Selecting a service provider is always the responsibility of the procurement department. The procurement department will find a suitable supplier through researching the market. This will involve market survey on directories, form procurement colleagues, and the Internet. It will be necessary to search for more than three providers to evaluate. One of the economic advantages to deliver the CAT scan is that it will assist in saving cost by comparing prices and deliverability. Selection is made in terms of the provider that in delivering the CAT scan in time. We identified General Electric, Siemens and Medic Exchange. Selection process is done by choosing a provider from the phone book, Internet or using friends and family members. After settling for Siemens, the formal selection process is done. This was evaluation in terms of tech nical and financial evaluation. A contract was signed by the vice president because it was capital equipment which needed high authorization to Siemens to provide the CAT scan needed. It is necessary to the company to analyze the available options for making the right choice. The first step is to document organizational needs by putting the details and specifications by making the Vice President aware of our reasoning’s and justification for our actions. The company analyzed what Siemens could do concerning the CAT scan. The identifying potential sources were also considered by doing research of which organization is capable of providing the CAT scan. Information sent to Siemens is an introduction including contact information. A summary of business needs was prepared by drawing a proposal request for the CAT scan. An invitation to participate was sent to all three vendors for participation in the selection process. The date proposed was for a one-on-one discussion of key iss ues. The third step is to initiate vendor discussions on issues of the site and training or personnel to use the CAT scan. Then non-responsive vendors will be weeded out through both technical and financial evaluation. The fourth step is a final vendor round up. This is the final stage to make an offer and obtain the contract. One of the most important parts of the process is making a decision and sticking to it. This suggests reviewing material facts from the two meetings with each vendor, and a decision is made (Healthcare Financial Management Association (U.S.), 2009). A research article by Grantham et al. points out two aspects on how teams respond favorably to a request for information security budget costs justified with a clear ROI business case. There is also a developing concept of risk based ROI. The concept quantifies taking action of cost and risk associated and how this should be minimized by implementing a proper security infrastructure. This concept is used to purchas e insurance for the CAT scan. If a security breaches occurs as a result of not implementing the proper procedures, the associated costs far outweigh the cost to replace the CAT scan. This was an issue that was addressed with the vice president. To help avoid these liability costs is the goal. This is how the percentage of return on investment (ROI) is calculated. This is often the case when actual security risks are

Trends toward Western-style China and India Essay

Trends toward Western-style China and India - Essay Example marketers of today should understand that, to attract the large youth dominated markets, they must then provide the goods and services that are interesting to the youth and hence these goods and services must focus on music, fashion, technology and other factors that are influencing to the youth. Both companies from India and China emphasize on the importance of value differentiation in developing their competitive advantage strategies. The consumers in these emerging markets prefer value and are willing to consume more of the goods, which they believe are of quality, safe and have utility. In addition, these consumers are shifting upscale and ready to pay more for goods with integrity, reliability and desirable features that are made from high quality material and components (White, 2012). Therefore, it is evident that the old paradigm when consumers preferred price to all other factors is fading in these markets and consumers are shifting gears in their preference and tastes. Thus, this shift seems to be a new critical factor for marketers in in these emerging markets and a wake call to companies to produce new and better products meeting the consumers’ demands, taste and preferences, which ultimately would lead to customer brand loyalty. However, companies in the United States emphasize on the importance of a standardized marketing strategy, which involves marketing consumer goods in a uniform and consistent way across all the marketing mix. These companies view this strategy as the most influential and effective approach to developing competitive strategies. For instance, some companies in the United States standardize all aspects of their goods while others on the other hand standardize a few elements of their goods. However, whichever way or approach the companies use, they are able to make cost savings and ensure consistency of their goods globally (White, 2012). The consumption style of the West involves increased sensitivity to the different economic

Discharge for Whistleblower Activity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discharge for Whistleblower Activity - Essay Example However, Broom and Miller chose not to follow standard procedure and instead of going to the accused employee’s immediate supervisor, they went the medication consultant at the facility. Their reasoning was based on the fact that the accused employee had a close personal friendship with her immediate supervisor, Sarah Dutton. The act that Broom and Miller carried out went against protocol. Because these two employees did not follow the proper chain of command and protocol in choosing to file their complaint, this only gave their employer’s legal position more support.   2. Because Broom and Miller were subject to the employment-at-will doctrine, even if they had been members of a bargaining unit that was connected with union representation, it still would not have provided any advantage to their case.  The reality is that these employees could not be protected under a collective bargaining agreement because Oklahoma common law  gives the right to employees to discharge an at-will employee at any time of their choosing. Broom and Miller attempted to argue their case by citing the three statutory laws that they thought supported their actions. These three laws were the Nursing Home Care Act, the Residential Care Act, and the Uniform Controlled Dangerous Substances Act. This first statutory law governed safeguards and procedures for the storage, safekeeping, monitoring, dispensing, and destruction of patient prescription drugs. The employer argued that this only covered nursing homes within the state and that the employer’s company is legall y a residential care facility and cannot be included in the law. The second statutory law does apply to the employer’s facility because the employer admitted so. However, the employer argued that the language in this law were general and did not cover the Oklahoma employment-at-will doctrine. Finally, the third law makes it a criminal offense to steal controlled and dangerous substances, but Broom and Miller did not make a specific argument to justify their claims. Reaffirming what was said in the previous question, Broom and Miller failed to follow the proper procedures when filing their complaint.

Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Critical Thinking - Essay Example Patients have access to medical advice and similar cases online and can be extremely curious and choosy about medicines prescribed. Hence, medical practitioners must be prepared for queries from patients or their relatives about a particular line of treatment and the medicines prescribed. There are cures for some of the above diseases. Others such as stroke and Alzheimer disease, by and large, do not have an effective cure as of now. In these circumstances, it is advisable to opt for therapeutic treatments such as basic and simple exercises and physiotherapy as these enable patients to live with due adjustments for longer time periods. The above diseases interfere with the physical and mental capacities of the patients. The interference depends on the severity of the attack. It is important to get the correct diagnosis of the disease. Once the correct diagnosis is concluded, the regimen of medicines must be made available to the patient if he or she has to make informed decisions on whether or not to opt for the medicines. The patient has to make informed decisions because certain medicines have debilitating side effects (Deverell, Lil; 2002). Along with periodical nursing care, family members are the best caregivers for patients with the above diseases. The degree of self-support the patient is able to exercise depends on his recovery process and the metal frame. There may be bouts of frustrating moments for the patient and the caregivers. However, the healing process has surprising elements when the patient begins to adjust to the new lifestyle with the ailment (McConnell, Virginia; 2009). Patients must be able to live and move with dignity in spite of the debilitating effects of the disease. Nurses' interactions with the patient must be professional and spontaneous so that the best interests of the patient are served and family members who are involved as long-term caregivers receive useful lessons about caring for the patient. "Patients who are confused hav e changes in their actions and behaviors. A common memory problem is the inability to remember recent events. A confused patient may not remember that he just had breakfast. Personality changes including mood swings, suspiciousness, and delusions may be seen. Disorientation is another common symptom. The confused patient may have difficulty remembering the day of the week, season, or even the time of day" (Caring for the Client who is Confused or Mentally ILL). Along with medical help, the attitude and values of a nurse go a long way in restoring health and confidence of the patient. The confident and reassuring ways of a concerned nurse boost the patient's morale. Time and again, there are awesome accounts of patients receiving the healing touch because of the nature of care received from a particular doctor, nurse or nurses (McConnell, Virginia; 2009). Ethics Professional standards and core competencies in the nursing profession define the essence of a nurse.

Integrated Case Study Analysis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Integrated Analysis - Case Study Example ee thirds’, of having the company’s revenue equally generated from goods made in China and sold overseas, and goods that are produced and sold overseas. As the company approached the third decade in its business operations, the CEO was aiming at even higher targets. The goal of the company was to attain deeper penetration of the market in both rural China and overseas. The goal was to be achieved by increasing the share of the market and adding the product categories. The fast growing Chinese economy as well as shifts in production facilities to China may have played a role in driving the company to globalize. The impact of the WTO on China after entry in 2001 added pressure on the company to solidify its brand and products globally and to also have a dominant position in the local Chinese market. However, Zhang experienced the challenge of maintaining the company’s industry leadership in home (Archer & Cameron, 2013). The task of going global required Zhang to decide what lessons learnt from the international operations needed to be implemented at home and which lessons learnt from the domestic operations of the company needed to be applied in the international markets (Bonaglia & Goldstein, 2007). With the rapid growth of the economy in China, inflation peaked at 17 percent in 1995 forcing central banks to curtail lending by banks. As such, the Chinese government denied the company a loan of RMB 1.6 billion to curb speculation in the real estate. Zhang, faced with no other option of raising funds to expand the company decided to sell 43.7 percent of Qingdao Haier refrigerator division to the Shanghai Stock Exchange. The company was also faced by the challenge of penetrating global markets as its approach was to start with the difficult markets of the U.S and U.K whic h were already well established in consumer electronics and home appliances there by providing stiff completion for the Chinese company. This study has several objectives that it seeks to

Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Critical Thinking - Essay Example Patients have access to medical advice and similar cases online and can be extremely curious and choosy about medicines prescribed. Hence, medical practitioners must be prepared for queries from patients or their relatives about a particular line of treatment and the medicines prescribed. There are cures for some of the above diseases. Others such as stroke and Alzheimer disease, by and large, do not have an effective cure as of now. In these circumstances, it is advisable to opt for therapeutic treatments such as basic and simple exercises and physiotherapy as these enable patients to live with due adjustments for longer time periods. The above diseases interfere with the physical and mental capacities of the patients. The interference depends on the severity of the attack. It is important to get the correct diagnosis of the disease. Once the correct diagnosis is concluded, the regimen of medicines must be made available to the patient if he or she has to make informed decisions on whether or not to opt for the medicines. The patient has to make informed decisions because certain medicines have debilitating side effects (Deverell, Lil; 2002). Along with periodical nursing care, family members are the best caregivers for patients with the above diseases. The degree of self-support the patient is able to exercise depends on his recovery process and the metal frame. There may be bouts of frustrating moments for the patient and the caregivers. However, the healing process has surprising elements when the patient begins to adjust to the new lifestyle with the ailment (McConnell, Virginia; 2009). Patients must be able to live and move with dignity in spite of the debilitating effects of the disease. Nurses' interactions with the patient must be professional and spontaneous so that the best interests of the patient are served and family members who are involved as long-term caregivers receive useful lessons about caring for the patient. "Patients who are confused hav e changes in their actions and behaviors. A common memory problem is the inability to remember recent events. A confused patient may not remember that he just had breakfast. Personality changes including mood swings, suspiciousness, and delusions may be seen. Disorientation is another common symptom. The confused patient may have difficulty remembering the day of the week, season, or even the time of day" (Caring for the Client who is Confused or Mentally ILL). Along with medical help, the attitude and values of a nurse go a long way in restoring health and confidence of the patient. The confident and reassuring ways of a concerned nurse boost the patient's morale. Time and again, there are awesome accounts of patients receiving the healing touch because of the nature of care received from a particular doctor, nurse or nurses (McConnell, Virginia; 2009). Ethics Professional standards and core competencies in the nursing profession define the essence of a nurse.

Project Guideline Essay Example for Free

Project Guideline Essay If you not able to submit/resubmit your synopsis as per the timeline given above than you can submit in the next session ( Ist week of July to 15th September, 2013 without any fine) Student can submit their project report with a copy of approved synopsis, Guide Resume, Acknowledgement Letter from Project Guide at (IMT-CDL Ghaziabad, Hyderabad, Kolkata Mumbai) PROJECT SYNOPSIS GUIDELINE Project synopsis provides an outline of the project work to be undertaken by the candidate. Once you have selected a suitable topic, defined the problems and outlined the manner in which the project study is to be conducted, the next step is to prepare the project synopsis. This synopsis has to be submit online at our website www.imtcdl.ac.in for approval before you begin working on project work. The synopsis will be scrutinized by the faculty in IMT-CDL, Ghaziabad to ensure that it follows the guidelines. In case you propose to collect the data through a questionnaire then the questionnaire should also accompany the synopsis. The Project Synopsis should cover the following: Title of the Project : You can select any topic related to your Major Specialization. For more information please visit website www.imtcdl.ac.in and download the â€Å"Project Guideline† Company Profile: You have to choose an organisation for your project work. This should preferably be your own or any other organisation in the vicinity. In any case, it would be one where you have access to information and opportunity to discuss your ideas and views with the executives working there. The project outline and its formulation must be freely discussed with those who are responsible for similar activities in the organisation you have selected for your project work. Statement about the problem Having taken your first step it is important that you define the problem correctly. Problem definition has to be clear in terms of nature, size and scope of the project. These have to be stated in terms which are quite tangible and specific. Objectives and scope of the study Reasons for selecting the topic have to be explained along with the applicability or usefulness of the project idea. What contribution the project can make in the selected organization or in similar situations should be identified and stated. Methodology – It is necessary to explain the criteria for selection of sample size if survey is to be undertaken. Statistical methods that would be used for the same should be mentioned. Questionnaire that would be used to undertake the project work should be prepared and sent along with the synopsis. Methods that would be used for classification and interpretation of the data should be identified and mentioned. Questionnaire :- In case you propose to collect the data through a questionnaire then the questionnaire should also accompany the synopsis. Questionnaire should be scale of four/five level. Chapterization Scheme – A brief outline of the chapters to be included in the project report should be formulated and stated sequentially. Project Guide – Project Guide selected by the student should be an expert preferably a post graduate in the relevant discipline with a minimum of five years of work experience. It is necessary to send a brief resume of the project guide signed by the guide. If the resume of project guide is not attached, your synopsis can be rejected summarily.

Principles of social control theory

Principles of social control theory Social Control Theories. Many criminological theories always explain why do people commit crime, or to find out what are the most influential factors motivate people commit crime and violate the social norms. Instead, social control theories have been already assumed humans are potentially committing crime. Moreover, the social control or social bond theory is emphasizing why a person do not be a criminal. In social control theorists assumptions, individuals have the capacity to violate the laws rather than obey the laws. Law-abiding behaviors are not the nature of human beings. People choose to commit crime because the forces or constrains of society is not strongest enough. It portrays people are standing in the dilemma between deviance and conformity. It shows the tension of everyone either commit deviant act or accepts the norms. Therefore, social control theorists propose a few elements to pull people back from the side of deviance, especially relationship, commitments, values, norms, and beliefs. Famil y and peer group become a crucial agencies that affect peoples conduct. Albert J Reiss The understanding of those early control theorists arguments are very important because they presented a framework or some basic propositions within the many theories of delinquency and crime. Each social control theorist had also been done an empirical study of their findings to support their point of views. Starting from an article wrote by Albert J Reiss (1951), his argument might be reproduced from Freuds concept of ego or superego mainly. He aims at noticing the prediction of probation revocation among juvenile offenders. He thought youths have a lower personal controls that might more likely to become juvenile delinquency. That is, those younger people lack of ability to refrain from desiring their needs when having conflict with the rules or norms of the society. Nevertheless, his explanation of juvenile delinquency is weak when discussing the relationship between probation revocation and school performance as truancy. Jackson Toby In 1957, Jackson Toby, a second social control theorist, offered a new concept called stake in conformity which as the fundamental mechanism to affect delinquents comportment. He also agreed that people are intrinsically and temptingly rupturing the laws, especially all youths. Some of them are having a high risk of the violation of laws due to this temptation. He believes students perform well in school not only they are being punished by school, but also endanger their future chances of success. Under the special academic-oriented circumstance, if the society allows students having a better career path when they got an excellent school result; therefore, some students who do poorly in school might have a great chance of committing crime because they seems lose lesser things than others. Apart from the academic result of an individual is an influential factor, peer support for deviant act could lead those youths with low stakes in conformity as well. However, even youths have low st ake in conformity, they are not become delinquents when lacking of peer support. F. Ivan Nye In 1958, Nye then concentrated on the issue of family relationship. He though that family is a single most crucial root of social control for adolescents. He divided diffent forms of control such as direct control, internal control, and indirect control. Direct control means the obvious restriction or punishments of a person. Internal control refered to a inward monitor or consciences. Indirect control linked to affectional or emotional identification with parents, noncriminals or legal codes. He stated that if all the above controls are sufficient, then those adolescents are more conform the rules of society. Nyes study had been tested by an empircal experiment. However, his experiment had been challenged by Toby already. First, altough Nye called the sample group as most delinquent, but many criminologist called them nondelinquents. Due to the sample group was selected in high school which was not included any youths age 15 or younger, and any youths age 16 with dropped out of scho ol. Furthermore, the questions being asked in questionnaires were too trivial such as taking things worth less than $2, and damaging public or private property. Therefore, Nye cannot recognize the strongly relationship between family bonding and serious delinquent behaviours. Walter C. Reckless In 1961, another social control theorist called Reckless, who proposed a containment theory. The main concept is that all individuals are influenced by different forces such as social pressure, social pulls, biological/ psychological pushes. Those forces are driving people to commit deviant act. However, these forces are againsted by both external and inner containments. For instance, social pressure can be defined as living conditions, family conflict, minority group, status, and lack of opportunities. Then the term social pulls is refered to the accepted norm of all individuals from their companions, criminal subculture, mass media and so on. Biological or psychological pushes can be easily linked to how those biological and psychological factors affect people fail to conform the norms of society, such as restlessness, inner tension, aggressiveness and so on. On the contrary, external containment is talking about the surroundings of a person. For instance, how parents or support gr oups promote right moral values, discipline, enforce the sense of identity and so on. Moreover, inner containment are those invisible stuffs which internalized our self-control; that related to how the goals/ abilities of a person against to commit crime. David Matza Travis Hirschi Matzas Delinquency and Drift (1964) and Hirschis Causes of Delinquency (1969) also advoacted two famous concepts in the later development of control theories. Alternatively, Matza has been already protraried the image of drifter. Emphasizing how social conditions shape people become a drifter. (However, he did not mention about what kinds of constraints and control that keep youngsters from drifting.) In Hirschis theory, he proposed four main social bonds that could determine ones involvement in delinquency, namely attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief. Attachment contains the interpersoanl and emotional bonds among others, especially parents and teachers. Commitment refers to how youths make use of the time, energy, effort expended in traditional path of success, such as saving money for the future and abtaining a high academic qualification. Involvement means the degree of ones involvement in those conventional activities, such as school, recreation, and family. Due to so ciety will share common moral values normally, therefore, beliefs of a person are very important. People might more easily commit criminal act if these moral values are absent or weakened. In short, Hirschis social bond theory emphasized all people are potential criminals, however, people will conform the norm or obey the law because they do not want to destroy the bondings with others. Criticisms There are few criticisms on social control theory. First, according to the assumption of it, social control theorists assumed human are potential law-violators. What if the youths commit crime just because they are fun? Another issuse is that such theories cannot be explained the causes of gang delinquency and adult criminality. Furthermore, most studies were referring the involvement of trivial offenses of nondelinquent youths. Hirschi also confessed that delinquents actually active in conventional events, which rejected his original theory (Vold Bernard, 1986). Social Learning perspectives Edwin Sutherland Differential Association Theory was the most direct and clear theory that proposed by Edwin Sutherland in 1947 from social learning perspectives. In 1978, Sutherland and Cressey consisted nine propositions of Differential Association Theory: 1. Criminal behaviour is learned 2. Criminla behaviour is learned in interaction with other persons in a process 3. The principal part of the learning of criminal behaviour occurs within intimate personal groups 4. When criminal behaviour is learned, the learning includes techniques of committing the crime, which are sometimes very complicated, sometimes very simple; the specific direction of the motives, drives, rationlization, and attitudes 5. The specific directions of motives and drives is learned from definitions of the legal codes as favourable or unfavourable 6. The person becomes delinquent because of an excess of favourable definitions to violation of law over unfavourable definitions to law-violation 7. Differential association may vary in frequency, duration, priority, and intensity. 8. Process of learning criminal behaviour by association with criminal and anti-criminal patterns involves all of the mechanisms involved in any other learning 9. While criminal act is an expression of general needs and values, it is not explained by those general needs and values (Sutherland Cressey, 1978, pp.80-82.) Here will be discussed each propositions respectively. First, it is clearly stated that criminal act is not inborn which is learned. Then, Sutherland provided how people learned to become delinquent which is learned in interaction with others, especially family, friends, and colleagues. Also, techniques of commiting crime are needed which are sometimes quite complicated/simple such as how to unlock a safe or steal a car on the street. Moral justifications also crucial that make people think their acts are reasonable. For example, a poor person steal foods in supermarket because they do not have money to buy enough foods to their sons. Therefore, they will justify they act as make sense. Fifth, it refers to the views of legal codes from an individiuals. The person may not want to obey the law because such laws are just controlling him/her, and killing his/her free will. The favourable definitions of law violation and the unfavourable definitions of law violation are two sides on the b alance that lead a person commit crime if the favourable definitions of law violation is excess. Moreover, how often are criminal contacts made, how long do the contacts last, and how significant to the individual are the criminal contacts are always being considered. Sutherland (1978) also though that there will be greater the chance to commit crime if people have been contacted criminals since early childhood. Role modeling or direct teaching is another way to learn the criminal acts. In chinese words, that means one who mixes with vermilion will turn red, one who touches pitch shall be defiled therewith; which implies good companions have good influence while bad ones have bad influence. Law-violation behaviours cannot be explained by fulfilling those general needs becauses those criminal acts are illogical. In brief, he emphasized the the significance of personal contact, and all individuals are follower. Criticisms There will be discussed a few main critiques of this theory. Differential association theory neglected that why some youths seems exposed to delinquent definitions, but finally they choose to stop the delinquent acts. Another major criticism is the problem of the principle differential association, which assumes criminal behaviours to be rational and systematics. However, this theory is very hard to illustrate the acts of those psychopathic killing or serial rapists (Sigel, 2009). Also, delinquents might seek like-minded peers rather than follow others which drafted another relationship between deviant peers and criminality.

African American Integration and Independence Essay -- Essays Papers

Integration and Independence In the latter half of 1885 several European empires gathered together for a conference in Berlin. At this meeting of utmost importance, the various European powers laid claim to their African colonial territories, thus dividing the continent like a birthday cake among themselves. The new boundaries now united thousands of cultures, nations and ethnicities under the banner of white ethno-centricity. Thus began the final colonial dominion of Europe which would last well into the 20th century. Although the white minority has relinquished it?s stranglehold on Africa, the ramifications of hundreds of years of political dominion can be found throughout the continent. In 1962 during the heat of these independence movements, the world?s black population watched intently to see if indeed the African race could overthrow their colonial oppressors to bring about a new world order. Half a world away, men of African descent were fighting for an independence of their own. With the American Civil Rights movement in full swing, blacks everywhere stood on the brink of bettering the world for themselves and their children. The American essayist James Baldwin states in his essay ?Down at the Cross? the meanings of the words integration and independence. (Baldwin 337) He claims that each word carried its own fiery meaning but the intent of the movements sparked by these words has not completely fulfilled its purpose. The colonization and political exploitation of Africa was rooted in extreme ethno-centric views. Integration and independence cannot manifest themselves as reality as long as there exists feelings of racial superiority. The colonization of the world by Europeans can be traced t... ...an inferiority lives on (James 34) and until it dies Africans will remain second rate citizens segregated from and dependent on the white world. Works Cited Baldwin, James. ?Down at the Cross.? 1955. James Baldwin: Collected Essays. Ed. Toni Morrison. New York: Library of America, 1998. 296-347 Ingalls, Leonard. ?Portuguese Back Rein over Africa.? New York Times: July 19, 1960. James, C.L.R. ?African Independence and the Myth of African Inferiority.? 1958. Education and Black Struggle: Notes from the Colonized World. Boston: Harvard Educational Review, 1974. 33-41 Vansina, Jan. ?African Resistance and the Liquidation of the European Empire.? 1978. African History. New York: Longman Group Limited, 1995. 513-530 White, William S. ?New World of Africa?s Gold Coast Arises from the Ashes of Colonialism.? New York Tines: May 15, 1951. African American Integration and Independence Essay -- Essays Papers Integration and Independence In the latter half of 1885 several European empires gathered together for a conference in Berlin. At this meeting of utmost importance, the various European powers laid claim to their African colonial territories, thus dividing the continent like a birthday cake among themselves. The new boundaries now united thousands of cultures, nations and ethnicities under the banner of white ethno-centricity. Thus began the final colonial dominion of Europe which would last well into the 20th century. Although the white minority has relinquished it?s stranglehold on Africa, the ramifications of hundreds of years of political dominion can be found throughout the continent. In 1962 during the heat of these independence movements, the world?s black population watched intently to see if indeed the African race could overthrow their colonial oppressors to bring about a new world order. Half a world away, men of African descent were fighting for an independence of their own. With the American Civil Rights movement in full swing, blacks everywhere stood on the brink of bettering the world for themselves and their children. The American essayist James Baldwin states in his essay ?Down at the Cross? the meanings of the words integration and independence. (Baldwin 337) He claims that each word carried its own fiery meaning but the intent of the movements sparked by these words has not completely fulfilled its purpose. The colonization and political exploitation of Africa was rooted in extreme ethno-centric views. Integration and independence cannot manifest themselves as reality as long as there exists feelings of racial superiority. The colonization of the world by Europeans can be traced t... ...an inferiority lives on (James 34) and until it dies Africans will remain second rate citizens segregated from and dependent on the white world. Works Cited Baldwin, James. ?Down at the Cross.? 1955. James Baldwin: Collected Essays. Ed. Toni Morrison. New York: Library of America, 1998. 296-347 Ingalls, Leonard. ?Portuguese Back Rein over Africa.? New York Times: July 19, 1960. James, C.L.R. ?African Independence and the Myth of African Inferiority.? 1958. Education and Black Struggle: Notes from the Colonized World. Boston: Harvard Educational Review, 1974. 33-41 Vansina, Jan. ?African Resistance and the Liquidation of the European Empire.? 1978. African History. New York: Longman Group Limited, 1995. 513-530 White, William S. ?New World of Africa?s Gold Coast Arises from the Ashes of Colonialism.? New York Tines: May 15, 1951.